Abstract:The amount of the calculation of an algorithm may be expressed by the number of multiplication and addition operations (one division is treated as a multiplication,one subtraction treated as an addition).A multiplication or an addition operation is called a flop,i.e.,a floating-point operation.This is the first of three serial papers 'Computational efficiency of the identification methods',which focuses on the computational efficiency of the recursive algorithms,including the flops of the vector and matrix operations,and the minimum flops of the stochastic gradient identification algorithm,the least squares identification algorithm,the recursive least squares identification algorithm for linear regression systems,multivariate linear regression systems and multivariable systems.

Abstract:Ecological science is inseparable to resources development,environmental protection and economic development.It shows a series of new features.Ecological science presents a series of changes in aspects that conclude the research objects,the research methods,ideas,research depth and breadth and so on.Theory research is systematized,research object is complicated,methods become more colorful,limitation becomes long-term changed,scaling becomes diversified,objective becomes pragmatism,process becomes visualization and digitalzation,and the means become modeling and quantified.Along with the depth of scientific concept,ecological science will provide the theory supports and scientific methods for low carbon environmental protection,urban planning,cope with climate change and sustainable development.

Abstract:The northern Tibetan Plateau region is a main seismic zone in west China.Since 1700,M≥7 strong earthquakes have showed an obvious commensurability and orderliness in this region.The main ordered values are 106-107 a,77-78 a、53-54 a,26-27 a,10-11 a and 3-4 a.According to the information forecasting theory of WENG Wenbo and combining ordered analysis with complex network technology,we try to explore the practical method for strong earthquake prediction with Chinese characteristics,and build informational ordered network structure of M≥7 strong earthquakes in the northern Tibetan Plateau.In this paper,we study into the prediction of 3 great earthquakes (the 2001 Kunlunshan M8.1,the 2008 Wenchuan M8.0 and the 2010 Yushu M7.3 earthquake) based on the method of ordered network structure,and give many notorious earthquake examples in China and abroad.Meanwhile,the cause of formation about Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake have been discussed primarily.At last,we present a new prediction opinion that the future M≥7 strong earthquakes will probably occur in 2014—2015,2026—2027 and 2030 in this region.The results show that strong earthquake can be predicted and this method produces satisfactory results in moderate and long term prediction for strong earthquakes.

Abstract:The fuzzy time series model was introduced to short-term climate prediction.Daily ground observations(from 1971 to 2007) from 34 weather stations of Chongqing,and the drought index and the flood index computed by Chongqing drought and flood monitoring and warning decision making system are used.The precipitation,average temperature of Chengkou county of Chongqing in January,and the Spring drought index of Chongqing from 2001 to 2007 are analyzed by fuzzy time series model.The trend in precipitation,average temperature,and the Spring drought index of 2004—2007 are predicted by fuzzy time series method,and the results are compared with that of other models like weight integrating forecast model,artificial neural networks,data mining integrating forecast.The comparison shows that fuzzy time series model is better in accuracy and simpler for computation.The fuzzy time series method will be more valuable in future application.

Abstract:Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is the accumulation of organic matter by green plants per unit of space and time.Using Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing spatial analysis software,this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of vegetation NPP in Jiangsu province from 2000 to 2006 based on NPP data from EOS／MODIS.Results show a decreasing spatial trend from southeast to northwest and a temporal trend with higher NPP in 2004.The average annual NPP in Jiangsu province (569.28 gC／(m²·a)) was higher than the national average NPP during the same period (345.91 gC／(m²·a)) and a little lower than the average NPP in Guangdong(595.51 gC／(m²·a)).Analyzing NPP of different city and different buffer of shoreline shows that the NPP increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing distance to shoreline.NPP of Nantong (a city in the Southeast of Jiangsu) was highest (693.57 gC／(m²·a)),while NPP of Xuzhou (a city in the Northwest of Jiangsu) was lowest (478.72 gC／(m²·a)).NPP grows to the highest when the distance to the Ring Buffer increases to 30 km,and land cover change is an influential factor affecting changes in vegetation NPP based on Ring Buffer.Analysis of vegetation NPP shows that climate factors were the key factors controlling the NPP in Jiangsu,and the human influence is becoming more and more important.

Abstract:As important factors affecting terrestrial ecosystems,organic carbon and nitrogen can maintain and enhance soil carbon and nitrogen reserves,which is the key to ecosystem productivity.Soil samples were taken in different altitudes in Purple Mountain,and organic carbon and total nitrogen content were determined using routine analytical methods.The results show that the soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents vary with covering vegetation,which is largest in mingled forest and smallest in meadow.The soil organic carbon and nitrogen increase with altitude,while the ratio of carbon to nitrogen decreases with altitude.Significant linear relationship exists between organic carbon and total nitrogen,which suggests that the nitrogen is mainly existed in soil organic matter in organic form.The study is hoped to provide scientific references for ecological and environmental protection in Purple Mountain.

Abstract:The theoretical model of symmetrical and asymmetrical coherent structures in a near-wall turbulent boundary layer is established through study into the impulsive disturbance on the wall in this paper.Theoretical mechanism and evolution process of the coherent structures formation are studied by Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS).The numerical result reveals that asymmetrical coherent structures are more likely to grow than symmetrical coherent structures,due to the larger span wise velocity induced by asymmetrical coherent structures in the near-wall area.And the dynamical mechanics of the coherent structures in the near-wall turbulent boundary layer vary with different distributions of initial structure.The proposed model relatively represents the real condition of fluid motion,and will help to improve the understanding of the dynamical mechanics of single coherent structure formation in the near-wall turbulent boundary layer.

Abstract:The operational capability of meteorological service plays a crucial role in civil aviation.Based on the characteristics and process analysis of meteorological operation in civil aviation,an index system based on systematic idea is established from four aspects,namely human resource,equipment,law & regulations,and environment.We also design an assessment procedure and develop the evaluation system of meteorological operational capability in civil aviation service.The reliability and rationality of the index structure in this evaluation system is confirmed through system testing and trial operation.The system application results show the difference between the actual operation state of the evaluation target and the related standard specification,thus provide reference and direction for improvement of the evaluated entities.The statistic and analysis function of the evaluation system can provide comparisons between different evaluated entities or different evaluated items.The evaluation system will avail the improvement of the meteorological operational capability in civil aviation,increase its ability to deal with complex weathers,and ensure the meteorological service quality.

Abstract:For a class of uncertain nonlinear differential-algebraic equations subsystems whose index is one and interconnection is locally measurable,the problem of robust stabilization is considered by combining the backstepping method and artificial neural networks.The robust stabilization controller is proposed based on backstepping approach by using three-layer artificial neural networks to approximate the uncertain terms arisen in the procedure of controller design.The weights of neural networks are updated online with a new self-adaptive algorithm.By choosing the gain parameters of the virtual controllers step-by-step,a stabilization controller is obtained through which the closed-loop systems are made asymptotically stable.

Abstract:A second sub-loop genetic optimization algorithm was proposed in order to improve the narrow particle distribution inversion by laser diffraction method,which suffers from inaccurate peak positioning and relatively big deviation in peak value measurement.Numerical simulation results show that the consistency between particle size distribution inversion curve by the second sub-loop genetic optimization algorithm and the actual particle size distribution curve has been significantly improved.In the range from 1 μm to 140 μm,peak positioning of the narrow particle distribution is accurate and the difference with the actual value is decreased to less than 1μm.Moreover,the precision of peak value is obviously increased and the relative error is reduced to about 10％.

Abstract:In recent years,cloud computing as a new computing service model has become a research hotspot in computer science.This paper is to give a brief analysis and survey on the current cloud computing systems from the definition,deployment model,characteristics and key technologies.Then,the major international and domestic research enterprises and application products on cloud computing are compared and analyzed.Finally,the challenges and opportunities in current research of cloud computing are discussed,and the future directions are pointed out.So,it will help to provide a scientific analysis and references for use and operation of cloud computing.

Abstract:Though kernel methods have been widely used for pattern recognition,they suffer from the problem that the extraction efficiency is in inverse proportion to the size of the training sample set.To solve it,we propose a novel improvement to Kernel Principle Component Analysis (KPCA) based on numerical approximation.The method is on the base of the assumption that the discriminant vector in the feature space can be approximately expressed by a certain linear combination of some constructed virtual sample vectors.We determine these virtual sample vectors one by one by using a very simple and computationally efficient iterative algorithm.When they are dissimilar to each other,this set is able to well replace the role of the whole training sample set in expressing the discriminant vector in the feature space.It is remarkable that the determined virtual sample vectors lead to a good improvement to KPCA,which allows an efficient feature extraction procedure to be obtained.Also,we need only to set the initial values of the virtual sample vectors to random values.The experiments on two benchmark datasets show that our method can achieve the goal of efficient feature extraction as well as good and stable classification accuracy.

Abstract:It's difficult to extract the target boundary using the region-based active contour models,for the interference of the image background when dealing with the medical target segmentation.An improved model of adapted LFI is proposed to solve this problem.The model constructs local fitting images to approach the initial image,and introduces the attractive factor to restrain curve evolution equation and well resume the curve gradualist,thus targets the image segmentation.The binary level set is employed to the whole segmentation process,which can avoid the numerical instability by the traditional level set.The application results show that the proposed method can segment the required target effectively and rapidly from medical images.

Abstract:To improve the flexibility of meteorological data transmission,a wireless module with easy installation and reasonable cost is adopted to transmit data.Common meteorological instruments have independent software to receive and display data,yet without integrated display.This paper develops a software to display the VPF-730 present weather sensor data,the WEATHERPAK-2000 automatic weather station data and the serial camera image synthetically and comparatively,and supplies a basic function for data storage and historical data inquiry.Experiments show that the system is stable and the data display quality is ideal.

Abstract:Using double-fluid theory,a microwave attenuation coefficient of hydrogen plasma in Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SCNTs),which were grown by iron-catalyzed high-pressure disproportionation (HiPco),is deduced theoretically.In this paper,both the electron collision absorption and ion collision absorption of hydrogen plasma in SCNTs are considered in detail.Under different conditions,microwave attenuation coefficient is calculated theoretically in the frequency range of 0.2-18 GHz.The simulation results show that hydrogen plasma in HiPco SCNTs exhibits strong microwave (around 2.45 GHz) absorption.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Abstract:The delay-dependent robust stability is concerned for the neutral type systems with time-varying uncertain coefficients and discrete multiple delays in this paper.Based on linear matrix inequality,a simplified method is proposed to calculate the free weighing matrices and the upper bounds on the delays for the system.Both neutral delays and discrete delays are considered in the system and some sufficient conditions for the stability and robust stability of the system are derived.The numerical example is given to demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible and less conservative.