For characteristics and requirements of data acquiring in large-scale unattended automatic weather monitoring,the design on acquiring system of surge meteorological data are given,and the key technologies are discussed in depth based on wireless communication network.By analyzing the structure of data transmission protocol and its disadvantages in the system,a reliable application protocol is designed based on UDP and its working principle and reliability are discussed in detail,and the instability of the wireless data transmission is solved.For real time receiving and concurrent processing of surge meteorological data,by making use of multi-threading technology and large-scale communication events response technology,the data reception thread pool is constructed and realized.Through the introduction of data partition management concept,a concurrent processing data buffer is planned and excogitated,which can solve the problems such as data loss,data blocking and low efficiency in data processing.The system is tested and applied to real weather operation,and its performance shows that this system can acquire real time surge meteorological data efficiently and reliably.The system meets the current needs of the weather operation and is adaptable to the development of future weather operation.