基于ADMM的电动货车队列速度规划研究
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南京林业大学 汽车与交通工程学院

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U461.8

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江苏省产业前瞻与关键核心技术项目(BE2022053-2)


Speed Planning of Electric Truck Platoon Based on ADMM
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College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University

Fund Project:

Jiangsu Province's Industry Outlook and Key Core Technology Projects (BE2022053-2)

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    摘要:

    为进一步提高电动车辆队列行驶的经济性、降低车用动力电池的容量衰减,对某电动货车队列开展了行驶速度规划研究。首先建立了电动货车的单车能耗模型;然后基于此单车能耗模型、固定车头间距的跟车间距策略,以及拟合得到的不同间距下队列中各车的气动阻力系数,建立了队列的能耗模型;接着以队列能量消耗最低为优化目标,以行程时间和道路限速为约束,采用交替方向乘子法(Alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)对队列进行了行驶速度规划;最后仿真研究了规划速度对队列行驶能耗和车辆动力电池容量衰减的影响。研究表明,相比于队列按定速巡航与基于坡度加速度的二次规划车速行驶,队列按ADMM规划车速行驶可分别使电动汽车节能9.30%和7.76%,且随着行驶里程的增加,以ADMM规划车速行驶的节能效果愈加明显;车辆队列运行一年后的电池容量衰减将分别下降9.69%和2.54%,即采用ADMM规划车速行驶可以减缓电池的老化速度,且随着时间的推移,在这三种行驶速度下的电池容量衰减差异越来越大。

    Abstract:

    To significantly enhance the economic performance of electric vehicles operating in platoons and mitigate the rate of power battery capacity degradation, a comprehensive study on driving speed planning was undertaken specifically for a given electric truck platoon. Firstly, a single vehicle energy consumption model for electric trucks was established; then, leveraging this foundational single-vehicle model, a strategy incorporating a fixed headway following distance, along with aerodynamic drag coefficients derived through precise fitting for each vehicle within the platoon at varying distances, facilitated the development of an energy consumption model tailored specifically for the platoon operation. Subsequently, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) was used to optimize the speed of the vehicle platoon, aiming to minimize energy consumption while adhering to constraints such as travel time and road speed limits. Ultimately, the influence of the planned speed on both the average energy consumption of the platoon and the battery capacity decay was simulated and analyzed. Research has shown that compared to the speed of adaptive cruise control and the speed planned by the quadratic programming method based on road slope acceleration in the platoon, driving at the speed planned by ADMM in the platoon the electric vehicle can save energy by 9.30% and 7.76%, respectively; and with the increase of driving mileage, the energy-saving effect of driving at the speed planned by ADMM becomes more and more obvious; After one year of operation in the vehicle platoon, the battery capacity decay would be decreased by 9.69% and 2.54%, indicating that driving at the speed planned by ADMM can slow down the aging rate of the battery, and over time, the difference in battery capacity decay between these three driving speeds becomes increasingly significant.

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徐晓美,赵峻伟,王伟东,张涌,符蒙,肖雨濠.基于ADMM的电动货车队列速度规划研究[J].南京信息工程大学学报,,():

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-03
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-07
  • 录用日期:2025-01-09
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