To deal with the sensor failures commonly occurred in spacecraft attitude control system, we make the fault reconstruction based on the augmented P-type learning observer, and design a fault-tolerant controller for the failure system.First, the state space model of the spacecraft attitude control system is established considering both sensor faults and unknown interference inputs.The fault is really the equivalent of two related terms, which are the fault estimate at the previous moment and the output error at the current moment.The observer is designed using Lyapunov theorem, and the LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) is utilized to give a systematic design of the observer parameter matrix.Then, the integral sliding mode surface is designed, and the equivalent control law obtained is substituted into the system state space model, and then a fault-tolerant control law including adaptive fault compensation control term and linear output feedback control term is established.Finally, the effectiveness of the designed observer and fault-tolerant controller is verified by a simulation example.