The CALPUFF modeling system is used to simulate the distribution of the atmospheric pollutant SO₂ concentration, based on the pollution investigation in Hefei city.Firstly, this model is validated by comparisonbetween CALPUFF simulated values and monitoring records for the pollutant SO₂.Then, a transfer matrix for air pollutants is established on the basis of source sharinganalysisfor atmospheric pollution.The environmental capacity of Hefei city for SO₂ is then estimated using linear programming model, taking into account ofaspects such as atmospheric diffusion capacity in urban area, pollution source contribution and air quality management targets.