As an important component of soil,soil organic matter(SOM) has a primary impact on soil properties.The rapid monitoring of soil organic matter is the premise of precision agriculture,which can be achieved by soil spectrum technology.In recent decades,the development in hyper spectral technology provides a new method for soil organic matter monitoring.This paper makes a review and comparison on the various hyper spectral techniques applied in SOM monitoring.Influenced by soil factors like mass fraction and composition of SOM,water content and soil texture,the indoor spectrum technology is relatively accurate in SOM prediction results.While influenced by more factors from atmosphere as well as land vegetation,the airborne remote sensing or satellite remote sensing is low in accuracy of SOM prediction.The future progress of satellite imaging spectroscopy will improve the SOM prediction and facilitate the implementation of digital SOM mapping in large scale.