The yield of chinese iron and steel industry has been ranked NO.1 in the world for 11 years running,while at the same time,Chinese iron and steel industry has consumed a great deal of fossil fuel and discharged large amounts of greenhouse gas.The calculation and relevant analysis of the carbon emission by Chinese iron and steel industry have been done based on a common method of IPCC.The results indicate that the CO2 emission generated by China iron and steel industry is enormous.It accounted for 14％ of the total CO2 emissions in this country on average from 1994 to 2006,with an enormous proportion of 97％ CO2yielded by coaltype energy.The output of Chinese iron and steel industry increased with the growth of CO2 emission,and there was a growing trend toward reinforced interdependence between the two factors.But during the years 1994—2006,CO2 emissions per ton showed a declining trend.Therefore,the iron and steel industry is one of the key C Mitigation industries in China,and C Mitigation should be started as soon as possible.Optimizing energy consumption structure is the most effective approach to mitigation.In addition,the technological innovation or introduction should be enforced to improve energy efficiency.