In order to control the eutrophication, some artificial control measures were employed in Nanjing's Xuanwu Lake, including dredging and diluting with diversion works, controlling algae bloom, and aquatic population restoration.The lake water quality before and after these measures were compared using monitoring data.Results show that the dredging and diluting could reduce the concentration of pollutants in sediments and alleviate the eutrophication temporarily, yet the nutrient salt contents in the lake were not distinctly reduced.In the short term, control measure of algal blooms could effectively inhibit the cyanobacterial bloom, improve water quality and restore the aquatic population, thus is an effective way to control eutrophication in emergency conditions.While the water quality was improved distinctly during the aquatic population recovery stage, compared with that in previous years, indicating the aquatic population restoration is a sustainable and effective method for the lake management and eutrophication control.