This paper addresses the robust fault detection problem for spacecraft autonomous rendezvous with digital communication constraints.The Clohessy-Wiltshire equation is employed to describe the relative dynamic model,and the discrete-time model with sampling behavior is proposed by using delta operator approach.In this design,the data are exchanged among components of spacecraft,and signal quantization and data packet losses are considered in a unified framework.The stochastic variables with Bernoulli random binary distribution are utilized to describe the random rate dropout.A sufficient condition for the existence of the designed fault detection filter is presented with linear matrix inequalities techniques.Finally,a practical example is illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault detection techniques.